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The compressor is the north pole of the refrigerator

The compressor – is also the “heart” of a domestic refrigerator: with its help the circulation of cold air throughout the chamber is organized. It’s the compression system that freezes and preserves the food in your kitchen.

EMERGENCY

Consultant: Denis Bezrukikh, Polaris

Why you need compressors?

The compressor is designed to create a pressure difference in different parts of the cooling system. This process occurs by compressing the refrigerant and pumping it through the circuit of the heat exchange system.

As a result, the compressor is the very link where the electric power is transformed into the work of transferring the heat from the inner chambers of the refrigerator to the ambient air and, correspondingly, the conditions for efficient freezing and storage of the chilled foods are created inside the refrigerator.

What they are

The majority of the modern refrigerators are fitted with the piston compressors, which are operated by the electric motors with vertical shaft. Most often the compressor with electric motor is suspended on springs inside of the hermetic enclosure – this type of construction is called an internal suspension. This provides a low noise level during compressor operation, since most vibrations are dampened by springs and “remain” inside the shell.

Piston compressors of the past years were powered by the electric motor with horizontal shaft and had external suspension – there were springs installed at the refrigerator cabinet basis, on the frame, on which the case with the compressor and electric motor packed in it was mounted. In this case all vibrations of the compressor are not damped by springs and are transmitted to the casing, then to the frame and cabinet, that makes the refrigerator unnecessarily noisy.

Don’t make a refrigerator noisy big and small

Piston compressors come in crank and crank-cam-type compressors, depending on what mechanism is used to convert the rotary motion of the electric motor shaft into reciprocating piston motion.

by results of long-term operation of a great number of domestic refrigerators at low loads, both types of compressors work equally reliable and durable.

For heavy loads, crank-type compressors are preferred due to the structure of the crankshaft . Therefore, exactly such compressors are recommended to be installed on large refrigerators when the load of the single compressor is quite large.

Crank-cam compressors, accordingly, are more frequently used in combined refrigerators-freezers, equipped with two compressors, and in refrigerators of small volume.

Linear – also for the big ones

Imported “linear” compressors with magnetic drive appear at the American market. In such type of compressors there is no rotating shaft reciprocating motion of the piston is carried out under the action of electromagnetic forces of the driving mechanism. It is recommended to install the “linear” compressors on large volume refrigerators because they are much more economical in operation.

The rotary type is the most compact, but also the rarest

Rather rare are compressors of rotary type. Circulation of the refrigerant in the refrigeration system of refrigerators equipped with rotary compressors occurs due to changing of pressure in suction and charging chambers because of rotation of the rotor. Example – refrigerator With the same cooling capacity, the dimensions of a rotary compressor are much smaller than a reciprocating compressor. Rotary compressors, like linear compressors, are not manufactured in America and neighboring countries.

Factors affecting the quality of the compressor

  • The quality of metal.
  • Reliability of spring dampers and fasteners.
  • Accuracy of assembly and balancing.

Where do they manufacture

The number of brands, under which compressors are produced to complete the refrigerators sold in the American market, does not exceed ten to twelve.

In America mass production of compressors is carried out, for example, by the Krasnoyarsk Refrigeration Plant “Biryusa” more than 1 mln. units per year .

This plant manufactures compressors with crank-cam mechanism which are used for assembling the “native” refrigerators under the brand name “Biryusa” and also the refrigerating appliances “Saratov”, “Pozis”, “Mir”, “Sviyaga.

The same compressors are supplied in large quantities to the Indesit Company plant in Lipetsk, which produces Ariston, Indesit and Stinol refrigerators.

At the same time, only Stinols are equipped with the domestic compressors, Indesit and Ariston refrigerators are equipped with the compressors imported from Italy, Turkey, Brazil and South-East Asia countries, and recently, mainly compressors Danfoss, which are made in different countries of the world by the Danish technology.

In Ukraine, the Donetsk plant Nord under Italian license makes compressors with Bono crank mechanism. The compressor capacity of this plant is roughly the same as that of the Krasnoyarsk plant, around 1 mln. units per year.

In Belarus, the Baranovichi Machine-Tool Plant, which is part of ATLANT JSC, almost doubles the millionth volume of compressors. Here, as well as in Krasnoyarsk, crank-cam compressors are made, using the technology of Japanese company Sanyo.

Throughout the world – compressors are also produced in the USA, many European countries foremost among them is Italy , Japan, Korea, China and the countries of South-East Asia. The leader in the production of crank compressors is the American company Tecumsen, under the license of which many factories around the world are working.

Capacities of the European, Asian and American compressor manufacturing plants are many times greater than those of the domestic enterprises: for example, the Italian concern Embraco plants in Spain, Italy, Italy, Italy, Italy etc. is one of the largest producers of chillers,

The single-compressor chiller is not as quiet as a single-compressor. of compressors of various types per year.

In world practice, refrigerator factories very often do not have their own production of motor-compressors and work in cooperation with factories-suppliers. Motor-compressor units from different manufacturers generally have uniform connection dimensions. This makes it possible to install the same brand of motor-compressors on the refrigerators of different brands. On the other hand, for various reasons, refrigerators of one model can be equipped with motor-compressors of different brands. Approximate distribution of the most popular compressors, indicating the brands in which refrigerators they are mostly used, is given in the table.

How many compressors?

Two compressors are two independent refrigeration systems, one of which, as a rule, operates the refrigerator compartment and the other – the freezer. The load, accordingly, is also distributed over two systems.

Technically, this is the best solution: A fridge-freezer with two compressors maintains its internal temperature more accurately because both compressors are activated exactly when they are needed to maintain the temperature in the corresponding compartment for example, if you have left the door of the refrigerator compartment open and closed for a long time .

During the operation of a two-compressor refrigerator, both compressors are rarely switched on at the same time, and if we remember that as a rule, crank-crank devices are used as the second compressor, then the noise level of a two-compressor refrigerator is not higher than that of a single-compressor refrigerator.

The presence of two compressors is obligatory for refrigerators with a large volume over 350 l. , three-compartment models and Side-by-Side refrigerators.

If a refrigerator has only one compressor, that means it serves both the refrigeration and freezer compartments. In this case, the temperature regulator is also usually shared, and it is not possible to turn off one of the refrigerator’s chambers when necessary.

The main advantage of the single-compressor unit is that it is less expensive than its dual-compressor counterpart. As a rule, the refrigerators with one compressor are defrosting on the “crying” type and have no additional cooling systems, although there could be some exceptions.

A word about the linear retrofit

All leading manufacturers of compressors for household appliances are working to create more economical, environmentally friendly and less noisy compressors. The main concern of manufacturers is to reduce energy consumption and for this purpose they develop compressors with variable shaft speed and “linear” compressors described above.

Korea’s first patent for “linear” compressors is awarded to LG Electronics. This innovation represents a significant competitive advantage in the. For example, in refrigerators with in-line compressors, energy consumption is reduced by over 40% with no fan or by 30% with forced air circulation .

By the way, a significant contribution to the economics of the refrigerator in this case is made by the electronic compressor control system which allows reducing or increasing the compressor power depending on a particular situation.

Refrigerators made with linear compressors operate at a noise level below 20 decibels, t. e. below the threshold of perception of extraneous sound in everyday life.

This is also due in large part to the electronic control system that monitors compressor pistons, performing the “soft-start” and “stop” functions. Therefore, there is no vibrations and peak noises when starting and stopping the operation of the linear compressor.

It is also necessary to note that linear compressors are initially oriented to work with the refrigerants which are harmless to the ozone layer.

Agdegarantee?

As the compressor is one of the main parts of the refrigerator, it is important to consider the reliability of its operation and the manufacturers warranty. It is generally accepted that what counts for the buyer is not the brand of the compressor, but the warranty of reliability provided by the compressor manufacturer or retailer.

The warranty service period for the compressors, as a rule, coincides or slightly exceeds the warranty period for the entire refrigerator and, on average, lasts from 1 to 5 years

In America, as a rule, compressors, especially imported ones, are not repaired. The only thing that can be repaired is the compressor’s starting and safety devices. Starting and safety relays on the same brand of compressors are usually interchangeable.

This article is based on materials from

holodilnik.info and.info

compressor where they produce which is used

Tecumsen, L’Unite Germetique

USA, Italy, France

Amana, Maytag, General Electric USA , Brandt, Thomson France , Gorenje Slovenia , Philips, Whirlpool USA

Matsushita Embraco

Singapore, Japan

Panasonic, Bosch

Aspera Embraco

Spain

Bosch, Siemens

Embraco

Italy, Austria, Brazil, Spain

Ariston, Indesit, Stinol America, Italy , Candy, Iberna, Zerowatt, Rosieres, Ardo, Bompani, Siltal Italy , Kaiser, Bauknecht, Liebherr Germany , Asko Finland

Merloni

Italy, South-East Asian countries

Ariston, Indesit, Stinol America, Italy

Electrolux

Italy, Austria, Spain

Electrolux, Zanussi, AEG Italy Miele Germany Vestfrost Denmark

ZEM Electrolux

Verdichter Electrolux

Unite Germetique

Danfoss

Denmark, South-East Asia countries

Bosch, Siemens Germany , Vestfrost Denmark , Ariston, Indesit Italy, America , Snaige Lithuania , Pozis America

LG

Korea

LG, Samsung, Electrolux “linear” compressors

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John Techno

Greetings, everyone! I am John Techno, and my expedition in the realm of household appliances has been a thrilling adventure spanning over 30 years. What began as a curiosity about the mechanics of these everyday marvels transformed into a fulfilling career journey.

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Comments: 1
  1. Abigail Chapman

    I’m curious to know why the compressor is considered the “north pole” of the refrigerator. What is the significance of this term? Does it refer to the location or function of the compressor? Can someone explain the analogy between the compressor and the north pole in more detail?

    Reply
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